Razor



i May 31, 1938.a H. R. svEGL 2,119,248

vRAZOR Filed April 25, 193s 3 `shams-simi 1 Illu INVENTOR H. R. SEGALMay 31,1938.

RAZOR 5 Smets-sheet 2.'

Filed April 25, 1936 ATTO R N EYS May 31, 1938. 4 H, R; SEGAL 2,119,248l RAZOR Filed April 25; 195s 5 sheets-sheet 5 ,INVENTOR ATTORNEYSPatented May 31, ,193s

UNITED STATES PATENT ol-FlcE 6 Claims.

-This invention relates to a structurally and functionally improvedrazor, and in its more specific aspects aims to provide an apparatus ofthis character which will function as a clipping or shearing mechanism.

It is well appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerousattempts have been made to develop a power driven razor. A form which,in certain respects, has been most satisfactory has been that in which aguard has been included for the purpose of being pressed against theskin of the user and which guard has housed a generally reciprocabletype of blade. This blade has embraced a large number of teeth orprojections, the side edges of whichwere sharpened. The guard hassimilarly included a large number of spaced elements, each havingsharpened edges` which cooperated with the edges of the bladeprojections, so that as the blade was reciprocated within the guard ashearing action would occur.. Various forms of this apparatus haveappeared upon the market, and it has been customary to mount the guardand blade assembly upon a head portion coupled to `a handle. The latterhas been hollow and has enclosed a motor which, when energized, hasserved to reciprocate the blade or otherwise suitably move the same withrespect to the guard. j

Aside from other objections, one major di'- culty which has been presentin an apparatus of this nature has been that the user, in pressing theguard against the skin, has caused the skin to wrinkle under the guard,as a consequence of which the hair or whiskers have tended to assumepositions parallel to the skin surface. -As a result of this4 it hasbeen necessary for the user to repeatedly traverse the skin surface .inorder vto effectively remove the stubble. This has served. generally todiscredit the apparatus in the Veyes of the public.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to furnish a unit of thischaracter byl means of which the skin will be maintained ina conditionsuch that at points adjacent the guard the hairs or whiskers will beproperly presented to the cutting apparatus. Accordingly, the latterwill sever the stubble without it being necessary that the voperatortraverse a great number of times the surface which is to becleaned.

Still another object is that of providing an apparatus, the use of whichwill tend to stimulate the skin so Vthat if the latter is in impropercondition, repeated use of the apparatus will serve to improve itstexture as well as the general firmness of face `ilesh.

Another object is that of providing an improved form of blade mounting'an operating mechanism.

An additional object is that of providing an apparatus which will embodya relatively simple r`construction capable of being manufactured andassembled at a comparatively nominal figure. Moreover, the several unitsof the apparatus may, with facility, be disassembled for cleaning orrenewal purposes, and may thereupon be reassembled by relativelyunskilled persons.

' With these and other objects in mind, reference is had to theattachedsheets of drawings illustrating practical embodiments of theinvention, and in which: K

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the razor;

Fig. 2 is a sectional side view thereof taken along the lines i-i and inthe direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional bottom plan view taken along the lines t--i and inthe direction of the arrows is viewed in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the head unit;4

Fig. 5 is a sectional front view taken along the lines 5-5 and in thedirection of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a ltransverse sectional view Vof a head and showing a slightlydifferent form of construction from that illustrated in the precedingviews;

Fig. 'l is a perspective view of the blade embodied in the' apparatusillustrated in. Fig. 6

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a different form of head which may be utilized;

Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional views taken along the lines 9 9 and lllllland in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a blade as embodied in the apparatusillustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and Figs. 12, 13, and 14 show' alternativeforms of head which may be employed; f

Fig. 15 isa plan view of still another form of head; i

' Fig. 16 is a transversesectional view taken along the lines lli- I6and in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 15; and

Fig. 17 shows a further form of driving mechanism which may beassociated with the head.

Referring primarily to Figs. v1 to 5, it will be observed that thenumeral 2U indicates a handle which may be hollow, and within which amotor A2| may be housed. 01? course, a more remote mum material wouldnormally be present.

member which may take the form of a clutch element 22. The upper end ofthe handle may define a socket` portion 2 3, into which a casing 24 mayextend, and within which it may be locked, for example, by a set-screwor bolt 26.

The casing 24 provides part of the razor head, and is formed with alongitudinal bore 26, which receives a blade body 21. As shownespecially inFig. 2, this body is in the form of a tube having aneccentrically disposed bre and formed with a slot 28 in line with thearea where mini- Adjacent the slot the body,21 is formed with arcuatelyextending projections 29, the opposite side edges of which are sharpenedto provide cutting edge portions. rather snugly, but care should betaken in machining the parts, so that vthere is no danger of bindingbetween the parts.

The housing 24 at a point adjacent its outer end provides a guardportion which, in the embodiment under consideration, takes the form ofa pair of comb portions 30 spaced from each other and presenting combteeth, the side edges of which are ground or otherwise treated topresent cutting edge portions.' While thev blade may be moved innumerous different manners, it is preferred, in the construction asillustrated in Figs. l to 5, that it be moved in an oscillatory mannerin a path having an -shaped configuration. To this end, a plate 3l maybepositioned within the housing and rotatably support a shaft 32, the endvof which presents an eccentrically disposed pin 33 riding withiny anopening 34 formed in the blade body 21. The shaft 32 has its lower endterminating in a clutch element 36, cooperative with the portion orelement 22 when the parts are assembled. Consequently, with the motor orother driving element operating, the blade body 21 will be oscillatedaround its axis and at the same time reciprocated within bore 26.Consequently, the edges of the comb teeth and projections 29 willcooperate to effect a shearing action on hair which enters the spacesbetween the teeth' of the combs and extends below the same to a degreesuficient for the cooperating edge portions or projections 23 to actthereon, In this connection, it is, of course, to

, be appreciated that a minimum of material is to be left adjacent the.outer end of the guard, so that the shearing structure may cooperate tomaximum advantage with the hair to be removed. Additionally, asillustrated, the end of bore 26 may be closed by a cap 36, which lattermay be removed for the purpose of permitting a discharge of any matteraccumulated within such bore, and especially within the hollow portionof the blade body.

It is one of the primary objects of the present invention to assure amaximum of coaction between the shaving implement and the surface whichis to be cleaned. To this end, it is proposed to tension 'such surface.While-within the purview of the present invention-structures may bedevised which extend adjacent the shearing zone and which will not bepower driven to effect this result, it is preferred that a power drivenmechanism be employed. To this end, as shown especially in Figs. 2 and5, the plate 31 may mount a shaft 31, which extends beyond the housing24. At this point the shaft supports a worm 33. Extending adjacent theworm, and

exterior-ly of the housing, .is a shaft 33, which 1 mounts at its lowerend a gear 43, to be driven 'Ihe blade body fits the bore 26 39 supportsa worm '4| which meshes with the teeth of gears 42, disposed one to eachside of the shaft 39 and adjacent the upper end there- Yof. 'I'hesegears are mounted upon housing 24, and their teleth mesh with the teethof gears 43,

carried by shafts 44, rotatablysupported in ex, tensions 46, forming apart of the housing 24. These shafts carry rollers 46 at points in linewith the shearing structure, and it is here to be understood that theserollers may be of any desired diameter and formed of any convenientmaterial. Finally, it will be noted that with a view to driving shaft31, the latter presents adjacent its inner end a gear 41, the teeth ofwhich are engaged by a roller 46'secured to shaft 32.

As a consequence of this construction, it will be appreciated that asshaft 32 rotates, shaft 31 will be driven to drive shaft 39, andaccordingly rotate rollers 46. The direction of rotation of the rollerswill be opposed and outwardly. Consequently, an operator pressing thehead of the apparatus against a surface to be shaved, will nd that therollers will tend to stretch and tension the'area of skin between thesame. In view of this, the stubble will tend to remain in a positionsubstantially perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and will thus beengaged by the shearing mechanism and severed from the surface.Moreover, as the apparatus is moving 'over the surface, it willnecessarily be found that the surface to be shaved is quickly cleaned.Re-

moval of the cap 36 permits any severed hair within .the bore vof 'thebladeto be readily removed. Thus, an extremely eiiicient and desirableform of mechanism is provided.

If, instead of an oscillatory movement, a straight reciprocation of theblade with respect to the guard structure is desired, this may beachieved by, for example, using the structure illustrated in Figs. 6 and'1. In these views a mechanism similar to that aforedescribed ispresented. However, a pin 46" is associated with the lhousing 24 andrides within a groove 46 formed in the blade body 21. Accordingly, thecrank 33, in turning, reciprocates within a transverse groove 66 formedin such body and causes the latter to merely reciprocate.

Now referring to the form of construction; illustrated in Figs. 8 to 1l,it will be observed that there is illustrated a shaving apparatus whichis of especial utility for use in removing hair from inaccessiblesurfaces such as from under the arm-pits and other concave surfaces. Tothis end, the operating surface of the razor presents an outerconfiguration corresponding to a fragment of a sphere. As illustrated,it includes a guard 5I in the form of a convex body, and

-one edge portion of which is preferably shaped to provide a combportion 62, the teeth edges of which 4are sharpened to present shearingsurfaces. 'I'his body may have a central stud 63, which serves tomovably mount a blade 66 in spaced relationship to the guard 6I. Thisblade, as especially shown in Fig. 11, has teeth 66, the side edges ofwhich are sharpened or beveled to cooperate to maximum advantage withthe adjacent surfaces of. the comb projections. The blade may be formedwith a central opening through which fastening elements such as screws58 may extend. The blade is also-formed with an opening 58 within which`a pin 59 rides. VThis pin is ecc-entrically mounted upon the end of ashaft 69 housed within the body or handle 6I ofthe guard. The inner endof the shaft is coupled to a universal joint 62, which may in turn becoupled to a shaft 63 mounted, for example,

in anti-friotional bearings 64 and having, if desired, a clutch part 65,by means of Vwhich it may be coupled to an immediately adjacent motor orto a remote source of power drive. The blade is overlain by a plate 66through which the fastening elements 58 extend and which plate servesnot alone to protect the shearing edge of the blade but also functionsto maintain the blade against accidental displacement.

`It is obvious in operation that, due to the fact that the blade is ineffect a spherical section, an element is presented which will readilycooperate to maximum advantage with surfaces which are r normallyinaccessible. Rotation of the clutch element 65 or its equivalent'causesthe pin 59 to move through a circular path, thus oscillating theblade 55 to exert a shearing effect. If desired and as illustrated, the`blade 66 may have a pin 61 which extends into a recess centrallydisposed with reference to the boss 53 and serving to main-` tain theparts in assembled relationship.

Now referring to the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 12, it will benoted that a' handle has been indicated at 68 and with which a head maybe removably associated. This head includes a guard and facecontactingportion 69 corresponding to portion 30 heretofore describedand below which a blade may be moved in any suitable Vmanner. Rollersare mounted at points beyond the guard 69 and are driven by gears 1lmeshing with the teeth of gears 12.- The latter are driven by a roller13 secured to a shaft 14.v 'I'his shaft has a worm-wheel 15 coupled toit, and which 'I'his form of wheel is driven by a worm 16. drivecorresponds generally to the drive heretofore described in connectionwith Figs. 1 to '7. However, it will be observed that by theconstruction proposed in Fig. 12, the gears'may be disposed to a maximumextent so that there will be little if any danger of their catching inthe hair or skin. Of coursefunder any circumstances itis proposed toproperly encase these gears, al-

; though for the sake of simplicitythis has not been illustrated in thedrawings.

In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 13,

' substantially the same construction as illustrated in Fig. 12 has beenemployed. However, it will primarily be observed in this view that thehousing or head 11 is angularly offset with respect to the handle.Certain users desire that the. guard or skin contacting surface be thusexposed, and it is with this in mind that. this construction has beenadopted. It is, of course, apparent that, under these circumstances, aform ofuniversal joint 18 should preferably be employed to couple themotor shaft or continuation'thereof to the drive shaft associated withthe head. Also, .the clutch element 19 extending from the latter shaftshould preferably be guided as, for example, by a vconning member 80. Asillustrated, the blade maybe mounted merely for reclprocation inthemanner heretofore described in connection with' Figs. 6 'and 7. Also',it will be understood that the blade might be moved in any desiredmanner. In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 14,

between this roller andthe remote edge of theI guard. Thus, the numeral.8l indicates a roller which by means of gears 82 and 83 may be turnedwith respect to the raor head. In common with the constructionspreviously described, the gear 83 may be turnedby a worm 84 mounted by ashaft 85, in turn supporting a worm-wheel 86 driven by a worm 81.

Now referring tothe apparatus as illustrated in Figs. 16 and 1'1, itwill be noted that in-this view the rollers have been dispensed with,although it will be equally apparent that rollers might be employed ifthis were desired. In lieu of the vrollers a double guard yand cuttingmechanisrn has been employed, and these guards may be arranged intangential planes so as to cooperate to best advantage with the surfaceto be shaved. In these views, the numeral 88 indicates a drive shaftwhich serves to rotate a pin 89 through av circular path. This pinridesin a groove corresponding to the construction presented in Figs. 6,'1 and 13 and which forms a part of a blade body 98 disposed within aguard structure 9|.

The housing providing this structure is continued as at 92 to form thesecond guard structure, and the latter may also present a bore toreceive a blade 'body 93 which, if desired, may be constantly pressed toproper position as, for example,

under the urging of a resilientl' supported block 94. A simultaneousdriving of both blades may vbe -ass'ured in a number of differentmanners. For example, as shown, a slot may exist between the adjacentblade'surfaces and Ithrough the housing, this slot accommodatinga pin 95rigidly 'secured to the blade `body 99 and coupling the same againstmovement with respect to the blad body 93.

Thus, asthe drive is operated, both blades will be moved in unison. Theguard structures will successively traverse a surface to be shaved, and

in thisn manner stubble will be removed Aata materially acceleratedrate.

driveincludes a shaft 95 rotatably supported adjacent the side face ofhead 96 and driven by a worm-wheel 91. This shaft, adjacent its upperend, `carries a, worm` 98, theV teeth of which mesh with gears 99,coupled to shafts secured to rollers |08. It is apparent that as theparts are driven, the rollers will be moved in opposite directions, tothus tension theskin. 4

While in the preceding views, for the sake of avoiding undue prolixityand illustration, various alternative forms of construction have notbeen illustrated, it will be apparent that within the purview of theappended claims various types of claimed is:

1. A razor including a head, a severing mecha- "nism associated withsaid head, rotatable surface tensioning mechanism also associated withsaid head and arranged in advance and to the rear of the same, means forrotating the diiferent 'tensioning means'in opposed and outwarddirections with respect to said head, and means com- .mon to said lastnamed means and said severing mechanism i'or simultaneously operatingthe Same.

2. A razor including a head, a shearing mecha-v nism associated withsaidhead and movable with respect thereto, drive means extending withinsaid head and connected Vto said mechanism to move the latter withrespect to said head, a pair of rotatable surface tensioning elementsdisposed adjacent said head and in advance and to therear of saidmechanism, means common to said elements for rotating the same inopposed directions, and means connecting said last named driving meansto said ilrst named drive within said head.

3. A razor including a head, a shearing mechanism associated therewith,a motor for constantly operating said mechanism,'rotatable means movablycoupled to said head and to contact and tena,11o,a4a

sion a surface 'from which hair isio be removed by tact and tension asurface from which hair is vto be removed, and a motor connected to bothsaid f mechanism and roller to cause the operating sur- -face of thelatter to constantly move in a direction away from said mechanism and toalso constantly operate said mechanism.v

6. A razor including a head, a shearing mechanisml associated therewith,apair of rollers movably mounted in advance and to the rear of saidmechanism and to contact and tension a surface. from which hair is to beremoved, and a motor connected to both said rollers and mechanism forconstantly operating al1 o1- the same.

I-IYMAN R. SEGAL.

